Skordisker

Skordisker, på latin scordisci, var en keltisk^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] stam, enligt vissa källor av thrakisk^[5] eller illyrisk^[6] härkomst. En annan teori är att skordiskerna skulle ha utgjort en stamsymbios av keltiska, illyriska och thrakiska kulturelement.^[7] De bebodde området i nuvarande norra Serbien, Ungern, östra Kroatien, nordöstra Bosnien och Hercegovina, samt delar av dagens Rumänien och Bulgarien. Skordiskerna etablerade sig i allra högsta grad mellan floderna Sava, Drava och Donau.

Antikens författare berättar, att skordiskerna var blodtörstiga och utförde människooffer.^[8]

De kom 179 f.Kr. i strid med romarna genom att bistå den makedoniske kungen Perseus, och stridigheterna fortsattes länge. M. Cosconius slog dem 135, Sextus Pompeius, måhända Cn. Pompeius Magnus' farfar, stupade i krig med dem 118. De besegrade 114 Caius Porcius Cato, men blev 107 slagna av Quintus Minucius Rufus. De vågade sig till och med på att plundra templet i Delfi, men Scipio Asiaticus slog dem fullständigt 88 f.Kr. och drev dem över Donau. Även från dessa trakter utdrevs de slutligen av dakerna. De omnämns ännu på kejsar Hadrianus' tid.

Referenser redigera

^ http://www.caorc.org/programs/mellonpubs/Theodossiev.pdf
^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 140, "... Autariatae at the expense of the Triballi until, as Strabo remarks, they in their turn were overcome by the Celtic Scordisci ..."
^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 84: "...Celtic Scordisci away from the river Danube..."
^ "Pannonia and Upper Moesia. A History of the Middle Danube Provinces of the Roman Empire. A. Mocsy. London and Boston, Routledge and Kegan Paul. ISBN 0-7100-7714-9. Pg 12 "the Scordisci ... are to be regarded merely one of the Celts' political creations and not as a Celtic tribe..."
^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, 1992, page 599, "...suggests that their origin is Serbo-Thracian rather than Illyrian..."
^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, 1992, page 599, "... formally describes them as Illyrians, but in the same passage he describes the Scordisci also as Illyrians. This opinion can be accounted for by ..."
^ The Celts: a history by Dáithí Ó hÓgáin, 2003, page 60, "... element among the more numerous local populations of Thracians and Illyrians. The most powerful such new group of mixed Celts was the Scordisci..."
^ http://books.google.com/books?id=Up4JAQAAIAAJ

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från Nordisk familjebok, Skordisker, 1904–1926.

[1] ttp://www.caorc.org/programs/mellonpubs/Theodossiev.pdf

[2] Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 140, "... Autariatae at the expense of the Triballi until, as Strabo remarks, they in their turn were overcome by the Celtic Scordisci ..."

[3] Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 84: "...Celtic Scordisci away from the river Danube..."

[4] "Pannonia and Upper Moesia. A History of the Middle Danube Provinces of the Roman Empire. A. Mocsy. London and Boston, Routledge and Kegan Paul. ISBN 0-7100-7714-9. Pg 12 "the Scordisci ... are to be regarded merely one of the Celts' political creations and not as a Celtic tribe..."

[5] The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, 1992, page 599, "...suggests that their origin is Serbo-Thracian rather than Illyrian..."

[6] The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, 1992, page 599, "... formally describes them as Illyrians, but in the same passage he describes the Scordisci also as Illyrians. This opinion can be accounted for by ..."

[7] The Celts: a history by Dáithí Ó hÓgáin, 2003, page 60, "... element among the more numerous local populations of Thracians and Illyrians. The most powerful such new group of mixed Celts was the Scordisci..."

[8] ttp://books.google.com/books?id=Up4JAQAAIAAJ

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]